In the context of tumors, what does metastasis refer to?

Metastasis refers specifically to the spread of cancer cells from the original tumor site to distant organs or tissues in the body. This process is a defining characteristic of malignant tumors, distinguishing them from benign tumors, which do not invade surrounding tissues or spread to other parts of the body. During metastasis, cancer cells can enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, allowing them to travel to and establish new tumors in different locations. Understanding this process is crucial in oncology, as the presence of metastasis significantly affects the prognosis and treatment options for cancer patients. In contrast, tumor cell division pertains to the growth of the tumor itself, benign tumors do not typically invade or metastasize, and the response to treatment relates to the effectiveness of therapy rather than the spread of the cancer.